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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 4, 2621-2634, Copyright © 1984 by Society for Neuroscience
A neural code for auditory space in the cat's superior colliculus
JC Middlebrooks and EI Knudsen
We have examined the intermediate and deep layers of the cat's superior
colliculus for evidence of a neural representation of auditory space. We
measured the responses of single units to sounds presented in a free field.
The results support the following generalizations. Most auditory units in
the superior colliculus have sharply delimited receptive fields which form
two discrete classes distinguished by their locations and sizes. The
remaining units respond to sounds presented at any location. Each auditory
unit responds maximally to sounds at a particular horizontal and vertical
location within its receptive field, the unit's "best area." The best areas
and receptive field borders of a unit are resistant to changes in the
intensity of stimulus. The locations of best areas shift systematically as
a function of unit position to form a continuous map of auditory space. The
horizontal dimension of space is mapped rostrocaudally, and the vertical
dimension is mapped mediolaterally. This map corresponds in orientation
with the map of visual space. These data permit us to infer the
distribution of unit activity elicited by a sound at any given location.
Regardless of its location, a sound activates a substantial portion of the
superior colliculus. Indeed, sounds at some locations activate nearly all
of the auditory units. However the activated portion of the colliculus
contains a restricted region of units which are excited to near their
maximum firing rates. The position of this focus of greatest activity
varies systematically according to the location of the sound source, thus
mapping the location of the sound in space.
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