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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 4, 767-774, Copyright © 1984 by Society for Neuroscience
Reduction of experimentally induced neuronal death in spinal ganglia of the chick embryo by nerve growth factor
V Hamburger and JW Yip
Extirpation of the wing bud in 2-day chick embryos results in a conspicuous
degeneration of neurons in both populations of brachial dorsal root ganglia
(DRG). Daily injections of 1 to 6 micrograms of nerve growth factor (NGF),
beginning at 4 1/2 days of incubation, rescued all small, late
differentiating (DM) neurons and approximately 50% of large, early
differentiating (VL) neurons, which would have died otherwise. The fact
that NGF is an effective substitute for the hypothetical trophic
maintenance factor for DRG which is normally produced by limb tissues
strengthens our belief that NGF is identical with this factor. The control
experiment, i.e., wing extirpation without NGF injections, revealed an
inconsistency with previous data. Experiments on a number of different
neuronal units had shown rather consistently that the period of
experimentally induced neuron degeneration, caused by removal of the
target, is synchronous with the period of normally occurring neuronal death
in the same neuronal unit. This synchrony rule is violated by the VL
population of brachial DRG. In this unit, the peak of degeneration
resulting from wing bud extirpation occurs considerably earlier than the
peak of normally occurring neuronal death. The competition hypothesis for
the explanation of neuronal death had been based, in part, on the synchrony
rule. We discuss the question of whether the deviation from the synchrony
rule observed in our material represents a serious challenge to the
competition hypothesis.
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