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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 5, 3161-3168, Copyright © 1985 by Society for Neuroscience
Changes in the structure of synapses associated with learning
G Horn, P Bradley and BJ McCabe
Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of training on a
region of the chick brain known to be critically involved in imprinting,
the intermediate and medial extent of the hyperstriatum ventrale (IMHV). In
the first experiment, three groups of chicks were used: (i) dark-reared (n
= 9), (ii) trained for 20 min (n = 17), and (iii) trained for 140 min (n =
7). Chicks were trained by exposing them when they were approximately 21 hr
old to a flashing red light. Chicks were killed when they were
approximately 30 hr old and blocks of tissue were removed from the right
and left IMHV. Stereological techniques were used to measure from electron
micrographs the numerical density of dendritic spine and shaft synapses and
the length of the postsynaptic density of these synaptic junctions. There
was a significant effect of training only in the left IMHV and on only one
measure, the overall mean length of the postsynaptic density of spine
synapses, SPL. This measure was significantly greater by 17.2% in chicks
trained for 140 min than in dark-reared controls. There was no significant
effect of training for 20 min. In the second experiment one group of chicks
(n = 15) was exposed to a rotating red box for a total of 3 hr. Another
group of chicks was dark-reared (n = 15). The chicks were killed when they
were approximately 46 hr old. Samples from the hyperstriatum accessorium
and IMHV of the right and left sides were analyzed. Training was associated
with a significant change, an increase, only of SPL in the left
IMHV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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