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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 5, 866-873, Copyright © 1985 by Society for Neuroscience
Lesions in nucleus basalis magnocellularis and medial septal area of rats produce qualitatively similar memory impairments
DJ Hepler, DS Olton, GL Wenk and JT Coyle
The functional contribution of nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) and
the medial septal area (MSA) to memory was evaluated in two different
spatial discriminations. Preoperatively, rats were trained to a criterion
level of performance in a simultaneous left/right discrimination on the
stem of a T-maze (a trial-independent memory) and a discrete-trial,
rewarded alternation discrimination on the arms of the T-maze (a
trial-dependent memory). Bilateral lesions were made by injecting ibotenic
acid (IBO) into the NBM, MSA, both NBM and MSA, or dorsal globus pallidus
(DGP), and by radiofrequency current (RF) in the NBM and MSA. Control rats
received operations in which either no current was passed or no neurotoxin
was injected. Lesions in the NBM, MSA, or both the NBM and MSA produced a
similar pattern of behavioral changes relative to the performance of
controls; postoperative reacquisition of the arm discrimination was
initially impaired but showed recovery to normal levels, whereas
postoperative reacquisition and reversal of the stem discrimination was not
impaired (except following the combined NBM and MSA lesion). Lesions of the
DGP had no effect on choice accuracy in any discrimination. When the
discrimination on the arms was made more difficult by increasing the delay
interval during which the information had to be remembered, rats with
combined NBM and MSA lesions were again impaired relative to controls and
showed no signs of recovery of function. These results provide information
about the behavioral functions of the basal forebrain cholinergic system
and suggest that pathological changes in certain components of this system
can cause disorders of memory.
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