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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 6, 3031-3038, Copyright © 1986 by Society for Neuroscience
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor supports the survival of cultured rat retinal ganglion cells
JE Johnson, YA Barde, M Schwab and H Thoenen
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a small, basic protein purified
from the mammalian brain that has been shown previously to support the
survival of cultured spinal sensory neurons (Barde et al., 1982). In
current studies, BDNF was tested for its ability to support the survival of
cultured CNS cells isolated from the perinatal rat retina. Both
immunofluorescent labeling of Thy-1 and prior retrograde labeling with HRP
were used as retinal ganglion cell markers in vitro. With embryonic day (E)
17 retinas, it was found that BDNF allowed the survival of a small
subpopulation of neurons (about 7% of the cells plated at this age)
identified by the immunofluorescent labeling of Thy- 1. No detectable
effects were seen when either the total number of cells or the number of
tetanus toxin-positive neurons was measured. BDNF also had an effect on
cultured neurons retrogradely labeled after HRP injections in the superior
colliculi of neonatal rats. The BDNF- responsive population was therefore
detected only in retinal cultures with specific markers and identified as
consisting of retinal ganglion cells. These cells could be enriched about
80-fold by density gradient centrifugation, and purified ganglion cell
cultures were shown to be responsive to BDNF. Whereas with E17 retinas, the
number of surviving Thy-1 positive neurons could be kept constant for at
least 4 d, the survival of postnatal neurons was only transiently increased
by BDNF. We conclude that in the retina, BDNF affects only the survival of
ganglion cells in vitro by a direct action on these cells. The results are
discussed in terms of target-derived neurotrophic support during
development.
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