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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 6, 3393-3404, Copyright © 1986 by Society for Neuroscience
The primary olfactory projection has two chemically distinct zones
JE Schwob and DI Gottlieb
The sensory neurons of the olfactory epithelium form an anatomically
uniform population but are differentially excited by odorants. We have
discovered an unexpected biochemical heterogeneity within this population
that extends to its axonal projection onto the olfactory bulb. This
heterogeneity is recognized by a newly generated monoclonal antibody,
designated RB-8, that differentially stains the primary olfactory
projection in rats and divides it into 2 nonoverlapping zones. With
light-microscopic immunohistochemistry, RB-8 densely labels the fascicles
of the olfactory nerve from the ventral and lateral parts of the olfactory
epithelium, where there is also some epithelial staining. This area, which
we designate RB-8-positive, comprises about two-thirds of the epithelial
sheet. RB-8 labeling of the other third of the epithelium, which includes
the dorsal recess and medial tips of the dorsal turbinals, is not
detectable, and the fascicles from these RB-8- negative areas are only
weakly stained. These RB-8-negative areas form a contiguous zone on
flattened maps of the epithelial sheet. In the olfactory bulb, RB-8
staining of the glomeruli in the ventrolateral part is correspondingly
dense, while that in the dorsomedial glomeruli is undetectable or very
light. In the labeled glomeruli, the RB-8 staining is precisely coextensive
with anti-olfactory marker protein staining, which serves as a marker for
the olfactory axons and terminals. In addition, knife-cut lesions of the
olfactory nerve totally eliminate the RB-8 staining in the glomeruli where
the destruction of the olfactory terminals is complete. There is also a
good correlation between the staining patterns in the bulb and epithelium
and what is known from tract-tracing studies of the arrangement of the
axonal projection of the epithelium onto the bulb. This evidence strongly
suggests that, in the olfactory nerve and glomeruli, RB-8 stains the
olfactory axons and their terminals. A survey of the CNS and peripheral
tissues demonstrates that staining with RB-8 is nervous system-specific;
not all components of the CNS and PNS are stained. The antigen recognized
by RB-8 was characterized in immunoblots and by use of a direct
radioimmunoassay (RIA) which assessed binding of 125I-RB-8. With this
assay, the RB-8 binding sites in whole brain are shown to be
membrane-associated, saturable, immunologically specific for RB-8, and
trypsin-sensitive. In SDS-PAGE immunoblots of membrane proteins, the
antigen in rat forebrain and in the olfactory nerve is a protein of 125 kDa
Mr, which comigrates in mixtures of membranes from the 2 sources.(ABSTRACT
TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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