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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 6, 3542-3551, Copyright © 1986 by Society for Neuroscience
Guidance of neuronal growth cones in the grasshopper embryo. III. Recognition of specific glial pathways
MJ Bastiani and CS Goodman
In the previous 2 papers, we focused on the selective affinities that
growth cones display for specific axonal pathways. Little is known,
however, about how this orthogonal scaffold of axonal pathways in the CNS
is established in the first place, and what, if any, role glia might play
in these events. Here we show an important relationship between pioneering
growth cones and primitive glial cells in the developing longitudinal
connectives and peripheral nerve roots of the grasshopper embryo. We
describe a preformed glial pathway for the formation of the intersegmental
nerve, one of the major roots exiting the CNS. The growth cones that
pioneer this nerve display a selective affinity for the segment boundary
cell (SBC), a primitive glial cell that establishes the location of this
nerve root. Similar glial cells are also found along the pathway where the
longitudinal connectives form, and they too may play an important role in
the formation of the first longitudinal axonal pathways. Experimental
analysis shows that when the SBC is ablated, the growth cones that normally
turn laterally to pioneer the intersegmental nerve do not do so, thus
confirming the importance of the guiding role of this glial cell. We
postulate that a simple orthogonal scaffold of primitive glia is involved
in the initial patterning of axonal pathways within and exiting the insect
CNS; this concept is remarkably similar to the blueprint hypothesis
proposed by Singer et al. (1979) to explain the development of axon
pathways in vertebrates.
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