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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 6, 2252-2258, Copyright © 1986 by Society for Neuroscience
Morphological transformation of synaptic terminals of a phasic motoneuron by long-term tonic stimulation
GA Lnenicka, HL Atwood and L Marin
In vivo stimulation of a relatively "silent" phasic crayfish motoneuron
changes the ultrastructure of its synaptic terminals to a more tonic
phenotype. The closer muscle of the crayfish claw is supplied by only 2
excitatory motoneurons, one of which is phasic and the other tonic. The
ultrastructures of conditioned phasic, unconditioned phasic, and tonic
motor terminals were compared. The terminals of the tonic motor axon were
larger in cross-sectional area, had larger mitochondria, greater synaptic
contact area, and were more varicose than unconditioned phasic terminals.
Following long-term tonic stimulation of the phasic axon, its terminals
became more varicose, mitochondrial cross-sectional area more than doubled,
and synapses and mitochondria came into closer proximity, although mean
terminal cross-sectional area did not change. Thus, the conditioned phasic
terminals became more similar to those of the tonic motor axon. These
changes in ultrastructure correlate with, and may be causally linked to,
previously reported changes in neuromuscular synaptic physiology produced
by in vivo tonic stimulation of this motoneuron. We conclude that the
ongoing level of impulse activity can affect the ultrastructural
differentiation of synaptic terminals and synapses of the phasic
motoneuron.
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