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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 7, 4129-4136, Copyright © 1987 by Society for Neuroscience
Neurogenically mediated leakage of plasma protein occurs from blood vessels in dura mater but not brain
S Markowitz, K Saito and MA Moskowitz
Stroke Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.
Utilizing 125I-BSA administered intravenously, a simple, reliable, and
sensitive method was established for the detection of plasma protein
extravasation in the dura of rats and guinea pigs following chemical,
electrical, or immunological stimulation. Extravasated 125I-BSA or Evans
blue was noted in the dura and conjunctiva but not in the temporalis muscle
of saline-perfused rats following intravenous capsaicin, 1 mumol/kg.
Capsaicin-induced extravasation was mediated by unmyelinated and small
myelinated fibers since leakage did not develop in adult animals in whom
these fibers were destroyed by capsaicin pretreatment (50 mg/kg) as
neonates. An ipsilateral increase in Evans blue and 125I-BSA was found in
the dura, eyelids, lips and gingival mucosa, and snout following electrical
stimulation of the rat trigeminal ganglion. This increase was also C-fiber
dependent. Among those peptides contained in perivascular afferent fibers
and administered intravenously, substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA),
but not calcitonin gene-related peptide, caused a dose-dependent
extravasation in the dura and conjunctiva of rats. Neonatal capsaicin
pretreatment did not attenuate SP- nor NKA-induced effects in the dura and
actually increased extravasation in the conjunctiva. Intravenous
administration of 5-HT or bradykinin to normal adult rats or adult rats
pretreated as neonates with capsaicin increased levels of 125I-BSA in both
the dura and the conjunctiva. Histamine and prostaglandin E2, on the other
hand, caused protein leakage in the conjunctiva but not in the dura of
rats; however, histamine did induce extravasation in the dura of guinea
pigs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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