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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 7, 996-1009, Copyright © 1987 by Society for Neuroscience
Mapping of retinal and geniculate neurons onto striate cortex of macaque
SJ Schein and FM de Monasterio
A unity ratio between geniculate and ganglion cells can be shown in the
macaque visual system. Comparison of the densities (cells/deg2) in the
dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of parvocellular (P) and
magnocellular (M) cells, respectively, representing color-opponent and
broad-band ganglion cells, with cortical magnification (mm2/deg2) gives the
number of afferents per square millimeter in striate cortex (V1). For P
cells, this afferent density rises only slightly with eccentricity,
indicating that V1 magnification is approximately proportional to the
density of P cells. The density of cytochrome oxidase puffs in V1 also
rises only slightly with eccentricity. As a result, the number of P-cell
afferents per puff-centered module is remarkably constant throughout V1.
Our findings thus support a novel hypothesis of peripheral scaling, in
which V1 cortical magnification is based on the mapping of just 1 class of
afferent onto V1 modules. This "P-cell module" in V1 may be composed of
submodules corresponding anatomically to the honeycomb cell in layer 4A of
V1 and physiologically to a minimal complete set of color-opponent ganglion
cells. In contrast, the afferent density of M cells rises steeply with
eccentricity, so that the reciprocal of their afferent density, the
cortical "domain" of M cells, declines with eccentricity. This decline is
similar to that of point-image area in V1. As a result, the number of M
cells per point-image area is nearly constant. This quantity is analogous
to the receptive-field coverage factor in the retina, which for M cells is
fairly constant and greater than unity at all eccentricities. The results
show fundamental differences between the neural maps of these 2 major cell
types, differences that are likely to have psychophysical consequences.
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