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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 8, 3992-4006, Copyright © 1988 by Society for Neuroscience
Embryonic divergence of oligodendrocyte and astrocyte lineages in developing rat cerebrum
SM LeVine and JE Goldman
Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.
Oligodendrocyte and astrocyte lineages were traced in rat forebrain
sections using single- and double-label immunoperoxidase and indirect
immunofluorescent techniques. Antibodies were directed against antigenic
markers, the expressions of which overlapped in time: GD3 ganglioside in
immature neuroectodermal cells; vimentin in radial glia; glial fibrillary
acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes; and carbonic anhydrase (CA) and
galactocerebroside (GC) in oligodendrocytes. A histochemical stain for iron
was also used as a marker of oligodendrocytes. Small cells of the
subventricular zone (SVZ) were stained with anti-GD3 but not with the other
antibodies. By 16 d of gestation (E16), the SVZ generated large, round
cells and thick, process-bearing cells that were GD3+/CA+/iron+. These
cells then appeared in the cingulum and, with time, increased in numbers
and extended thick processes as they filled the subcortical white matter.
These cells eventually lost their reactivity to anti-GD3 but became GC+/CA+
with processes extending to myelin sheaths. At E15 radial glia were stained
with the anti-vimentin antibody but were negative for GFAP. At birth, only
the vimentin+ radial glia midline between the 2 ventricles were GFAP+, but
with time more vimentin+ cells became GFAP+. By 7 d of postnatal age all
the vimentin+ cells were GFAP+ and had converged predominately on the
cingulum. With time these cells condensed and took on characteristic shapes
of astrocytes. The embryonic separation of the oligodendrocyte and the
astrocyte lineage is supported by four pieces of evidence: (1) GD3+ cells
were double labeled with anti-CA, and then went on to become GC+; (2)
vimentin+ and GFAP+ cells were not also GD3+; (3) ultrastructural
localization of anti-GD3 was confined to cells with characteristics
consistent with developing oligodendrocytes; and (4) the shapes of GD3+,
CA+, GC+, or iron+ cells did not resemble those of the vimentin+ or GFAP+
cells.
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