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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 8, 4192-4213, Copyright © 1988 by Society for Neuroscience
Identification of motoneurons and interneurons in the spinal network for escapes initiated by the mauthner cell in goldfish
JR Fetcho and DS Faber
Department of Physiology, State University of New York, Buffalo 14214.
We used intracellular recording and staining techniques to study the spinal
circuitry of the escape behavior (C-start) initiated by the Mauthner axon
(M-axon) in goldfish. Simultaneous intracellular recordings from one or
both M-axons and a spinal neuron, followed by HRP labeling of the spinal
cell, show that each M-axon makes monosynaptic, chemical excitatory
synapses onto 2 populations of ipsilateral spinal neurons. The first
consists of the large primary motoneurons that, based on earlier work
(Fetcho, 1986), innervate exclusively the faster, white muscle fiber types
in the myomeres. The second group of cells is formed by previously
undescribed descending interneurons with ipsilateral axonal branches that
have contacts with primary and secondary motoneurons spread over 2 or more
body segments. Indirect evidence suggests that these descending
interneurons are excitatory, and they may explain the polysynaptic
activation of motoneurons observed in earlier studies of the spinal
circuitry (Diamond, 1971). Both classes of neurons excited by the
ipsilateral M- axon are disynaptically inhibited by the contralateral one.
The morphology and physiology indicate that this inhibition is mediated by
interneurons that are electrotonically coupled to one M-axon and have
processes that cross the cord to inhibit contralateral neurons in the
region where these postsynaptic cells receive excitatory input from the
other M-axon. We have identified interneurons with the physiological and
morphological features of these predicted crossed inhibitory interneurons.
These cells are electrotonically coupled to the ipsilateral M-axon and
receive a chloride-dependent disynaptic inhibitory input from the
contralateral M-axon. Their very simple somata give rise to a process that
crosses the spinal cord between the 2 M-axons. Once on the opposite side of
the cord, the crossing process sends myelinated branches that run rostrally
and caudally, roughly parallel to the contralateral M-axon. Processes that
arise from these longitudinal branches terminate in a striking association
with collaterals of the M-axon; nearly every M-axon collateral along the
longitudinal course of an interneuron is met by a branch or branches of the
interneuron whose terminals are apposed to neurons postsynaptic to the
collateral.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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