 |
 Previous Article
Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 8, 4400-4410, Copyright © 1988 by Society for Neuroscience
Korsakoff's syndrome: radiological (CT) findings and neuropsychological correlates
AP Shimamura, TL Jernigan and LR Squire
Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Diego, California 92161.
Quantitative analyses were performed on computer tomography (CT) scans from
7 patients with Korsakoff's syndrome, 7 age-matched alcoholic subjects, and
7 age-matched healthy control subjects. CT values were used to estimate
tissue density and fluid volume in specified brain areas. Tissue density
was assessed by averaging CT values in small (5 x 5 mm) areas sampled
bilaterally in 6 specified areas--thalamus, head of the caudate nucleus,
putamen, anterior white matter, posterior white matter, and centrum
semiovale. We assessed fluid volume using a semiautomated computer
algorithm that estimated the proportion of fluid in 7 brain regions--total
ventricular space, third ventricle, interventricular region, frontal sulci,
peri-Sylvian region, medial cerebellum, and vertex. For the patients with
Korsakoff's syndrome, we also assessed the correlation between CT measures
and performance on 6 cognitive and 12 memory tests. Compared with alcoholic
subjects and healthy control subjects, patients with Korsakoff's syndrome
had lower CT density values bilaterally in the region of the thalamus and
had greater estimated fluid bilaterally in the region of the third
ventricle. Alcoholic and healthy control subjects did not differ on these
measures. Significant cortical atrophy in frontal sulcal and peri- Sylvian
areas was detected both in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome and in
alcoholic subjects. For patients with Korsakoff's syndrome, impairment on
behavioral tests, and on memory tests in particular, was correlated with
low-density values in the thalamus and with high fluid values in the region
of the frontal sulci. Damage to diencephalic and frontal areas may
especially contribute to the memory and cognitive impairment exhibited by
patients with Korsakoff's syndrome.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
J. J. Gold and L. R. Squire
The anatomy of amnesia: Neurohistological analysis of three new cases
Learn. Mem.,
November 1, 2006;
13(6):
699 - 710.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. V. Sullivan and L. Marsh
Hippocampal volume deficits in alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome
Neurology,
December 23, 2003;
61(12):
1716 - 1719.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A Colchester, D Kingsley, D Lasserson, B Kendall, F Bello, C Rush, T G Stevens, G Goodman, G Heilpern, N Stanhope, et al.
Structural MRI volumetric analysis in patients with organic amnesia, 1: methods and comparative findings across diagnostic groups
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry,
July 1, 2001;
71(1):
13 - 22.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E.L. Stark and L. R. Squire
Intact Visual Perceptual Discrimination in Humans in the Absence of Perirhinal Cortex
Learn. Mem.,
September 1, 2000;
7(5):
273 - 278.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Harding, G. Halliday, D. Caine, and J. Kril
Degeneration of anterior thalamic nuclei differentiates alcoholics with amnesia
Brain,
January 1, 2000;
123(1):
141 - 154.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P J Visser, L Krabbendam, F R J Verhey, P A M Hofman, W M A Verhoeven, S Tuinier, A Wester, Y W M M V. Den Berg, L F M Goessens, Y D V. D. Werf, et al.
Brain correlates of memory dysfunction in alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry,
December 1, 1999;
67(6):
774 - 778.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. J. Knowlton, J. A. Mangels, and L. R. Squire
A Neostriatal Habit Learning System in Humans
Science,
September 6, 1996;
273(5280):
1399 - 1402.
[Abstract]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Knowlton and L. Squire
The learning of categories: parallel brain systems for item memory and category knowledge
Science,
December 10, 1993;
262(5140):
1747 - 1749.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
