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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 8, 4693-4706, Copyright © 1988 by Society for Neuroscience
Activation of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus by working-memory: a 2- deoxyglucose study of behaving rhesus monkeys
HR Friedman and PS Goldman-Rakic
Section of Neuroanatomy, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
The 2-deoxyglucose method was used to examine metabolic activity in the
hippocampus, dentate gyrus, and amygdala of rhesus monkeys performing
working-memory and control tasks. A working-memory group was tested on 1 of
3 tasks requiring trial-by-trial updating of information: delayed spatial
response, delayed spatial alternation, or delayed object alternation. A
control group was tested either on an associative memory problem, visual
pattern discrimination, or a sensory-motor task that did not have an
explicit mnemonic component. Local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) in
specific layers of the dentate gyrus and the CA1 and CA3 sectors of the
hippocampus, as well as in 7 distinct nuclei of the amygdala, was measured
and compared across groups. Metabolic rate in specific layers of the
dentate gyrus and the CA3 and CA1 fields of the hippocampus was enhanced in
the working-memory compared with the control group: LCGU was between 18 and
24% higher in the granule cell and molecular layers of the dentate gyrus
and in the molecular and radiatum layers of CA1 and CA3 in the hippocampus.
In contrast, no significant group differences in LCGU were found for any of
the 7 amygdaloid nuclei examined: the lateral, lateral basal, medial basal,
accessory basal, cortical, central, and medial nuclei. These results are
consistent with previous evidence showing that lesions of the hippocampus
affect memory selectively, producing deficits on some memory problems while
sparing others. Our findings further suggest that working-memory may be a
common denominator among those tasks that are sensitive to hippocampal
damage in monkeys. The contribution of the amygdala to performance on
memory tasks, on the other hand, appears to be independent of the specific
type of memory process that is engaged.
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