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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 8, 4790-4796, Copyright © 1988 by Society for Neuroscience
Medullary regions mediating atonia
YY Lai and JM Siegel
Veterans Administration Medical Center, Sepulveda, California 91343.
Electrical stimulation studies have implicated the medial medulla in the
inhibition of muscle tone. In the present report we present evidence for
suppression of muscle tone by chemical activation of the medial medulla. We
find 2 distinct zones within the classically defined medial medullary
inhibitory area. A rostral region corresponding to the nucleus
magnocellularis (NMC) is sensitive to glutamate. Atonia produced by
activation of this region is mediated by non-NMDA receptors. A caudal
region, corresponding to the nucleus paramedianus (NPM) is sensitive to
ACh. Atonia produced by activation of this region is mediated by muscarinic
receptors. Activation of these regions both in acute decerebrate and intact
cats suppresses muscle tone. We find that the cholinoceptive dorsolateral
pontine region, previously implicated in atonia control, can be activated
by glutamate-sensitive non-NMDA receptors. Microinjection of atropine into
the NPM or of glutamylglycine into the NMC blocks atonia elicited by
pontine carbachol injection. The medullary regions identified here are
hypothesized to mediate the suppression of muscle tone that occurs in rapid
eye movement sleep and in cataplexy and may have a role in postural control
in waking.
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