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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 8, 1610-1624, Copyright © 1988 by Society for Neuroscience
Functional anatomy of macaque striate cortex. V. Spatial frequency
RB Tootell, MS Silverman, SL Hamilton, E Switkes and RL De Valois
Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
When macaque monkeys view achromatic, sinusoidal gratings of a single
spatial frequency, the pattern of 14C-2-deoxy-d-glucose (DG) uptake
produced by the gratings is shown to depend on the spatial frequency
chosen. When a relatively high (5-7 cycles/deg) spatial frequency is shown
binocularly at systematically varied orientations, uptake in parafoveal
striate cortex is highest between the cytochrome oxidase blobs (that is, in
the interblobs) in layers 1, 2, and 3. In layers 4B, 5, and 6, where the
cytochrome oxidase blobs are faint or absent, DG uptake is highest in a
periodic pattern that lies in register with the interblobs of layers 2 + 3.
When the grating is, instead, of relatively low (1-1.5 cycles/deg) spatial
frequency, DG uptake is highest in the blobs, in the blob-aligned portions
of layers 1-4B, and in the lower- layer blobs as well. These variations in
DG topography are confirmed in stimulus comparisons within a single
hemisphere. Presumably, this shift in functional topography within the
extra-granular layer is the primate homolog of "spatial frequency columns"
shown earlier in the cat (Tootell et al., 1981; Silverman, 1984). In the
well-differentiated architecture of primate striate cortex, laminar
differences produced by high- versus low-spatial-frequency gratings are
visible as well. Gratings of very high spatial frequency produce much
higher uptake in 4Cb (which receives input from the parvocellular LGN
layers) than in 4Ca (which gets its input from the magnocellular LGN
layers). Gratings of low spatial frequency produce the converse result.
Presumably, cells in the magnocellular LGN layers and/or in the
magnocellular-dominated layer 4Ca have lower average spatial frequency
tuning (larger receptive fields) than their counterparts in the
parvocellular LGN and/or in striate layer 4Cb. The DG patterns produced by
various spatial frequencies also vary with eccentricity, in a manner
consistent with known, eccentricity-dependent variations of receptive-field
size and spatial frequency tuning. Thus, gratings of a "middle"-spatial-
frequency range (4-5 cycles/deg) produce high uptake in the blobs near the
foveal representation and high uptake in the interblobs at more peripheral
eccentricities, including 5 degrees. This shift in DG topography also
includes the transition zone near 3 degrees, where the level of
stimulus-driven uptake is as high in the blob regions as it is in interblob
regions. Variations in uptake between layers 4Ca and 4Cb, as a function of
eccentricity, shift in parallel with the changes in the upper-layer
topography.
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