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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 8, 2062-2073, Copyright © 1988 by Society for Neuroscience
Comparison of primary afferent and glutamate excitation of neurons in the mammalian spinal dorsal horn
SP Schneider and ER Perl
Department of Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27514.
The actions of L-glutamate and agonists, agents blocking their membrane
receptors and dorsal root afferent volleys, were compared on
intracellularly recorded neuronal activity in an in vitro horizontal slice
preparation of the hamster spinal dorsal horn. Bath-applied L- glutamate or
L-aspartate (less than or equal to 1 mM) rapidly depolarized and excited
less than a third of the dorsal horn neurons sampled. Bathing solutions
containing low Ca2+ eliminated synaptic transmission in the slices but
failed to block the excitatory effects of L-glutamate for the majority of
the neurons tested. N- Acetylaspartylglutamate had no effect on dorsal horn
neurons at concentrations up to 1 mM. Neurons excited by L-glutamate were
most commonly located in the superficial dorsal horn (laminae I and II).
Neurons insensitive to L-glutamate were more broadly distributed, with a
number being located in laminae III-V. Kynurenic acid, 2-amino-4-
phosphonobutyric acid, and 2,3-piperidine dicarboxylic acid selectively
antagonized rapid, short-lasting synaptic components of the dorsal cord
potentials. Kynurenic acid reversibly antagonized intracellularly recorded
L-glutamate-induced excitation, spontaneous synaptic potentials, and fast
synaptic potentials evoked by dorsal root volleys. Compounds with strong
antagonist actions at the NMDA receptor, 2-amino- 5-phosphonovaleric acid
and D-alpha-aminoadipic acid, were much less effective in suppressing the
effects of L-glutamate or in blocking synaptic potentials. We conclude that
a subset of spinal neurons directly excited by dorsal root fibers have
excitatory membrane receptors activated by L-glutamate. This conclusion is
consistent with the concept that L-glutamate or a substance binding to the
receptors it activates is released from the central terminals of some
primary afferent fibers and mediates fast synaptic transmission from them
to certain spinal neurons in the dorsal horn.
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