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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 8, 2729-2747, Copyright © 1988 by Society for Neuroscience
Nature and fate of proliferative cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus during the life span of the rhesus monkey
MF Eckenhoff and P Rakic
Section of Neuroanatomy, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
The nature of proliferative cells in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the
hippocampal region and the fate of their progeny was analyzed by 3H-
thymidine (3H-TdR) autoradiography combined with immunocytochemistry at the
light and electron microscopic levels in 18 rhesus monkeys ranging in age
from late gestation to 17 years. Our analysis indicates that, during the
last quarter of gestation and the first 3 postnatal months, the SGZ
produces both glial and neuronal cells. These 2 major classes of cells
originate from the 2 precursor lines and, following their mitotic division,
migrate to the granular layer. During the juvenile period (4-6 months of
age), neuronal production tapers off and most postmitotic cells remaining
within the SGZ differentiate into glial elements. In postpubertal animals
(3 years and older), the 3H-TdR- labeled cells in the dentate gyrus belong
to several non-neuronal classes. The largest group was immunoreactive to
the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) at both the light and electron
microscopic levels, indicating their astrocytic nature. The remaining
3H-TdR- labeled, GFAP-negative cells had ultra-structural characteristics
of either microglia, oligodendroglia, or their progenitory stem cells.
Therefore, there is a continuing addition and/or turnover of the glial
cells in the dentate gyrus of sexually mature monkeys, but, in contrast to
the massive neurogenesis reported in adult rodents, the production of new
neurons could not be detected after puberty. The significance of a stable
population of neurons in the hippocampal formation of mature primates is
discussed in relation to its possible function in memory.
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