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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 9, 3998-4006, Copyright © 1989 by Society for Neuroscience
Norepinephrine and learning-induced plasticity in infant rat olfactory system
RM Sullivan, DA Wilson and M Leon
Department of Psychobiology, University of California, Irvine 92717.
Postnatal olfactory learning produces both a conditioned behavioral
response and a modified olfactory bulb neural response to the learned odor.
The present report describes the role of norepinephrine (NE) on both of
these learned responses in neonatal rat pups. Pups received olfactory
classical conditioning training from postnatal days (PN) 1- 18. Training
consisted of 18 trials with an intertrial interval of 24 hr. For the
experimental group, a trial consisted of a pairing of unconditioned
stimulus (UCS, stroking/tactile stimulation) and the conditioned stimulus
(CS, odor). Control groups received either only the CS (Odor only) or only
the UCS (Stroke only). Within each training condition, pups were injected
with either the NE beta-receptor agonist isoproterenol (1, 20, or 4 mg/kg),
the NE beta-receptor antagonist propranolol (10, 20, 40 mg/kg), or saline
30 min prior to training. On day 20, pups received one of the following
tests: (1) behavioral conditioned responding, (2) injection with
14C-2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) and exposed to the CS odor, or (3) tested for
olfactory bulb mitral/tufted cell single-unit responses to the CS odor. The
results indicated that training with either: (1) Odor-Stroke-Saline, (2)
Odor- Stroke-Isoproterenol-Propranolol, or (3) Odor only-Isoproterenol (2
mg/kg) was sufficient to produce a learned behavioral odor preference,
enhanced uptake of 14C-2-DG in the odor-specific foci within the bulb, and
a modified output signal from the bulb as measured by single-cell
recordings of mitral/tufted cells. Moreover, propranolol injected prior to
Odor-Stroke training blocked the acquisition of both the learned behavior
and olfactory bulb responses. Thus, NE is sufficient and may be necessary
for the acquisition of both learned olfactory behavior and olfactory bulb
responses.
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