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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 9, 1126-1133, Copyright © 1989 by Society for Neuroscience
Rat CNS white matter, but not gray matter, is nonpermissive for neuronal cell adhesion and fiber outgrowth
T Savio and ME Schwab
Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
In adult mammalian CNS, axons mostly fail to regenerate after injury, while
in the PNS they often succeed in reaching their previous targets. Crucial
differences are present in the local tissue microenvironment of CNS and
PNS. To investigate the substrate properties of nervous tissue for neuronal
adhesion and fiber growth, we used frozen sections of rat CNS and PNS as
culture substrates for neuroblastoma cells and for sympathetic and dorsal
root ganglia. The results showed that CNS white matter from adult rat
spinal cord, cerebellum, forebrain, or optic nerve did not allow cell
adhesion and axonal elongation. In contrast, gray matter areas, sciatic
nerve, and also trout CNS white and gray matter were permissive substrates.
To delineate the tissue components of white matter involved in this
nonpermissive substrate effect, newborn rats were injected for 13 d with
the antimitotic agent 5- azacytidine. This treatment strongly reduced the
oligodendrocyte population and the myelin content of the spinal cord. The
immunoreactivity for specific oligodendrocyte and astrocyte markers
confirmed the selective suppression of oligodendroglia in these rats.
Neuroblastoma cells plated on spinal cord sections taken from these animals
were no longer exclusively localized on the gray matter but were also found
on regions normally rich in myelin. A significant reduction of the white
matter nonpermissive substrate effect was also obtained by the monoclonal
antibody IN-1 directed against 2 defined myelin proteins with inhibitory
substrate properties (Caroni and Schwab, 1988b). Our results, therefore,
show that, in the adult mammalian CNS, cell adhesion and axonal elongation
are prevented by white matter components, which are, at least in part,
associated with oligodendrocytes and myelin.
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