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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 9, 1562-1578, Copyright © 1989 by Society for Neuroscience
The role of a modulatory neuron in feeding and satiation in Aplysia: effects of lesioning of the serotonergic metacerebral cells
SC Rosen, KR Weiss, RS Goldstein and I Kupfermann
Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY 10032.
Food-induced arousal in Aplysia is characterized by a progressive increase
in the speed and strength of biting responses elicited by a seaweed
stimulus. Data from semi-intact and dissected preparations suggest that the
identified, serotonergic, metacerebral cells (MCCs) of the cerebral
ganglion contribute to food-induced arousal by enhancing the strength of
buccal muscle contractions, and by modulating the output of the central
pattern generator for biting movements. In order to test this hypothesis in
intact, free-moving animals and to determine if the MCCs play a role in
satiation of feeding, the behavior of animals that had their MCCs destroyed
by intracellular injection of proteases was compared with that of B
Cell-Lesion and Dye injection control animals (Experiment 1) or surgical
control animals (Experiment 2). Nonfeeding behaviors such as defensive
withdrawal responses, locomotion, and righting reflexes were unaffected by
MCC lesioning. Also unaffected by MCC lesioning were appetitive feeding
behaviors and the amount of food needed to satiate animals. Significant
behavioral deficits in consummatory feeding behaviors, which remained
stable for periods exceeding 10 d, were observed in the MCC-lesioned
animals but not in controls. Lesioned animals exhibited a slowing of rate
of repetitive biting responses by 40% of controls and had reduced
magnitudes of repetitive bites, particularly at the end of a testing run of
10 consecutive bites. The deficit in bite magnitude was minimally evident
in food-deprived animals (Experiment 1) but became more pronounced as
animals were fed to satiation (Experiment 2). MCC- lesioned animals still
exhibited a residual build-up of the rate and magnitude of biting responses
at the onset of feeding behavior. This suggests that, in addition to the
MCCs, there are other sources of modulation that contribute to plasticity
of consummatory responses during the food-induced arousal state.
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