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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 9, 1922-1936, Copyright © 1989 by Society for Neuroscience
Lesions of the amygdala that spare adjacent cortical regions do not impair memory or exacerbate the impairment following lesions of the hippocampal formation
S Zola-Morgan, LR Squire and DG Amaral
Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Diego, California 92161.
Monkeys with stereotaxic lesions of the amygdaloid complex that spared the
surrounding cortex (i.e., the periamygdaloid, entorhinal, and perirhinal
cortices) performed normally on the delayed nonmatching to sample task, as
well as on 3 other memory tasks (object retention, concurrent
discrimination, and delayed response) administered during the 1 1/2 years
after surgery. These animals also performed normally on pattern
discrimination and motor-skill learning, 2 tasks analogous to ones amnesic
patients perform well. A second group of monkeys with conjoint lesions that
included both the amygdaloid complex, as just described, and the
hippocampal formation were impaired on the same 4 memory tasks. However,
the severity of impairment in this group was no greater than in monkeys
with lesions of the hippocampal formation alone. Thus, circumscribed
bilateral lesions of the amygdala did not impair performance on 4 different
memory tasks, nor did they exacerbate the memory impairment that followed
hippocampal formation lesions alone. These findings suggest that one must
look to structures other than the amygdala to account for the severe memory
impairment that follows large lesions of the medial temporal region. One
possibility is that damage to the cortical regions that surround the
amygdala contributes to memory impairment.
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