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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 9, 2402-2411, Copyright © 1989 by Society for Neuroscience
Embryonic development of axon pathways in the Drosophila CNS. I. A glial scaffold appears before the first growth cones
JR Jacobs and CS Goodman
Department of Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
Three classes of glial cells are present early in embryogenesis and appear
to play a major role in axon pathway formation in the Drosophila CNS. Six
longitudinal glial (LG) cells are present over the longitudinal connective
on each side of each segment. Six midline glia (MG) cells surround the
anterior and posterior commissures of each segment. Finally, the
intersegmental nerve root is covered by a glial cell: the segment boundary
cell (SBC). All 3 classes of glial cells are present in their final
position before axon outgrowth and their pattern prefigures the first axon
pathways. The pioneer growth cones that establish the first axon pathways
in the longitudinal connective and intersegmental nerve extend along the
elongate surface of the LG and SBC glial cells; the pioneer growth cones
for the anterior and posterior commissures extend toward and make close
contact with the end feet of the MG glial cells. Later, all 3 classes of
glial cells enwrap the axon tracts in much the same way as vertebrate
oligodendrocytes. The results suggest that these early glial cells provide
guidance cues for the first growth cones in the Drosophila CNS. More than
simply providing a permissive substrate, the differential extension of
specific early growth cones towards either the MG cells or along the LG
cells suggests an active role for these glia in growth cone guidance.
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