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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 9, 2412-2422, Copyright © 1989 by Society for Neuroscience
Embryonic development of axon pathways in the Drosophila CNS. II. Behavior of pioneer growth cones
JR Jacobs and CS Goodman
Department of Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
We have identified the neurons that pioneer the major CNS axon tracts in
the Drosophila embryo and determined their trajectory and fasciculation
choices using serial section electron microscopy. Although Drosophila
pioneer neurons make choices similar to those of their grasshopper
homologs, there are interesting differences that reflect the much smaller
nervous system size and the much faster rate of development characteristic
of Drosophila. For example, where 2 longitudinal tracts are pioneered
independently in grasshopper, only one is formed in Drosophila. This change
is due to a change in fasciculation affinity of the pCC growth cone.
Additionally, the intersegmental (IS) nerve is pioneered by a different
neuron in Drosophila (aCC) than in the grasshopper (U1) because the smaller
Drosophila CNS places the IS nerve within filopodial reach of the aCC soma,
while in the grasshopper it is not. Drosophila growth cones explore a much
more confined neuropil volume than do grasshopper growth cones but can also
sample a larger fraction of the CNS as well. For this reason, some
cell-cell recognition events critical to pathfinding in the grasshopper
embryo may not be as essential in Drosophila. Nevertheless, many specific
cellular affinities have been retained through the evolutionary divergence
of these 2 species.
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