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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 9, 2737-2763, Copyright © 1989 by Society for Neuroscience
Spatial and behavioral correlates of hippocampal neuronal activity
SI Wiener, CA Paul and H Eichenbaum
Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Massachusetts 02181.
The firing rate of hippocampal neurons in rats was related both to spatial
location and to multiple behavioral variables as rats performed 2 kinds of
tasks that rely on hippocampal function: a spatial navigation task similar
in performance demands to the radial-arm maze task and a simultaneous cue
odor-discrimination task. In the place task, most cells had distinct single
or multiple place fields, that is, neurons increased firing when the rat
was in a particular location or locations. However, in most of these cells,
firing rate also varied systematically in relation to behavioral variables,
including the speed, direction, and turning angle of the rat as it moved
through the place field. In addition, the activity of most cells was
time-locked to task-relevant approach movements. In the odor task, most
cells fired as the rat sampled discriminative cues or when it executed
specific, task- relevant approach movements. Some cells fired selectively
in relation to which odors were presented, the configuration of odor cues,
the locus of the response, or a combination of these variables. Many cells
with spatial correlates in the place task also had striking behavioral
correlates when rats performed the odor task in the same environment, and
the locus of the increased firing associated with behavior in the odor task
was not the same as the place field in the place task. Thus, while the
complex stimuli that compose spatial cues are reflected in hippocampal
neuronal activity, hippocampal processing is not limited to the
representation of spatial location. Rather, the domain of hippocampal
representation includes both spatial and nonspatial relations among
multiple cues and the actions directed in relation to these cues, across
cue modalities, and across behavioral paradigms.
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