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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 9, 3272-3286, Copyright © 1989 by Society for Neuroscience
Development of excitable membrane properties in mammalian sympathetic neurons
JM Nerbonne and AM Gurney
Department of Pharmacology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
Using the whole-cell patch-clamp recording technique, resting membrane
potentials (RPs), action potential (AP) waveforms, and the properties of
voltage-activated inward Na+ (lNa) and Ca2+ (lCa) currents and outward K+
(lA,lK) currents were examined in embryonic and neonatal rat superior
cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons as a function of time during development in
vivo and in vitro. The passive and active membrane properties of neonatal
SCG cells examined less than or equal to 24 hr after isolation were similar
to those described previously for adult SCG neurons and for neonatal SCG
cells maintained for several weeks in culture. Since recordings were
obtained within hours of cell dissociations, it is assumed that the results
reflect the membrane properties of neonatal SCG neurons in vivo at the time
of isolation. When neonatal cells were examined as a function of time (up
to approximately 2-3 weeks) in vitro, neither RPs nor AP waveforms varied
measurably. Although absolute (inward and outward) current amplitudes
increased in cells maintained in vitro, in parallel with increases in cell
size, no changes in the time- or voltage-dependent properties of the
currents were observed. Similar results were obtained for cells isolated on
or after embryonic day 18.5 (greater than or equal to E 18.5). The membrane
properties of E 14.5-16.5 SCG cells examined less than or equal to 24 hr
after isolation, in contrast, were significantly different: mean lCa
density was higher, and APs were broader than in greater than or equal to E
18.5 cells, and, in addition, lA was absent in these cells. When E
14.5-16.5 cells were examined after approximately 1 week in vitro, lCa
densities and AP waveforms were indistinguishable from those in greater
than or equal to E 18.5 SCG neurons, and lA was present. These studies
reveal that rat SCG neurons are electrophysiologically mature early in
development. Even lA, which seems to be the last voltage-gated current to
develop, appears well before birth. As the appearance of lA correlates with
decreased membrane excitability and AP shortening, it seems likely that the
development of lA either reflects or regulates a marked change in the
overall input and output properties of developing sympathetic neurons.
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