The Journal of Neuroscience, September 21, 2005, ():
The Ventral Pallidum and Hedonic Reward: Neurochemical Maps of Sucrose "Liking" and Food Intake
J. Neurosci. Smith and Berridge
25: 8637
Supplemental data
Files in this Data Supplement:
- supplemental material
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Figure S1. Pinpoint map of DAMGO-induced eating effects in the VP: each site mapped in horizontal (A), sagittal (B) and coronal (C) planes for 3-dimensional comparison. Symbol locations show center of microinjection sites, and symbol type shows intensity of DAMGO-caused change in eating duration (drug minus vehicle effect at same sites; circle shades denote DAMGO-induced increases; cross shades denote DAMGO-induced reductions below vehicle control levels). Bilateral VP sites from left and right brains of each rat are collapsed together here into a unilateral single map of VP (right brain) for better simplicity (all doses represented). Horizontal and sagittal planes represented as in Figure 6.
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Figure S2. Pinpoint maps showing overall lack of bicuculline effect on sucrose ‘liking’ in the VP: each site mapped in horizontal, sagittal and coronal planes for 3-dimensional comparison. Symbol locations show center of microinjection sites, and symbol type shows intensity of bicuculline-caused change in sucrose-elicited hedonic ‘liking’ reactions (percentage from vehicle=100% at same sites; circle shades denote bicuculline-induced increases; cross shades denote bicuculline-induced reductions below vehicle control levels; triangles denote control sites outside of the VP). Bilateral VP sites from left and right brains of each rat are collapsed together here into a unilateral single map of VP (right brain) for better simplicity (all doses represented). Horizontal, sagittal, and coronal planes represented as in Figure 6.
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Figure S3. Pinpoint maps showing uniform bicuculline-induced eating effects throughout the VP: each site mapped in horizontal (A), sagittal (B) and coronal (C) planes for 3-dimensional comparison. Symbol locations show center of microinjection sites, and symbol type shows intensity of bicuculline-caused change in eating duration (drug minus vehicle effect at same sites; circle shades denote bicuculline-induced increases; cross shades denote bicuculline-induced reductions below vehicle control levels). Bilateral VP sites from left and right brains of each rat are collapsed together here into a unilateral single map of VP (right brain) for better simplicity (all doses represented). Horizontal and sagittal planes represented as in Figure 6.
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Figure S4. Defensive paw treading and digging behavior evoked by DAMGO or bicuculline microinjection in VP. (A) Black bars represent frequency of treading bouts and lined bars represent frequency of digging bouts (left; *p<0.05). (B) Directional orientation of defensive treading behavior after DAMGO (center) shown by size of arrows pointing from rat (large arrows pointing to corners shows treading was usually focused in those directions). Smaller arrows pointing in all directions after bicuculline (right) shows that treading was randomly directed in spatial orientation. Numbers denote number of treading bouts oriented toward that target location.
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Figure S5. Different ways of dividing the VP ("within-VP" at a single plane versus "separate ends" at different planes). We used a within-VP division here. It revealed only rostral versus caudal differences in localization of function across subregions of VP that are simultaneously visible in a single section. (A) Horizontal view. No medial lateral differences in function were observed when medial subdivision is compared to a lateral subdivision at the same rostrocaudal positions (diagonal thin dashed line). However, an appearance of mediolateral differences could be created by dividing the VP rostral (medial) end from the VP posterior (lateral end). But that appearance may artificially define mediolateral position only with respect to the whole brain, by dividing polar ends of VP, and not with respect to VP subzones at the same AP location (horizontal thick dashed line; not used here). (B) Sagittal view. A within-VP division of dorsoventral subzones revealed no dorsoventral differences in function in our study (diagonal thin dashed line; used here). However, an appearance of dorsoventral differences in function could be artificially created by dividing rostrocaudal polar ends of VP, which defines ventral VP versus dorsal VP only by their different positions in respect to the whole brain (horizontal thick dashed line; not used here). We suggest a within-VP division is the best way of defining subregions. By within-VP criteria, a rostrocaudal division of VP produced robust localization of function in our results, whereas mediolateral and dorsoventral divisions did not reveal functional differences.
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Supplemental movie.
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Supplemental movie.
