The Journal of Neuroscience, June 21, 2006, ():

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Directly Inhibits Primitive Neural Stem Cell Survival But Promotes Definitive Neural Stem Cell Survival
J. Neurosci. Wada et al.
26: 6803
Supplemental data
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Supplemental figure
Models of the NSC lineage in the presence (A) and absence (B) of VEGF-A signaling. (A) In the presence of VEGF-A signaling, VEGF-A may inhibit the survival of the p-NSCs that default from undifferentiated ES cells (blue box). On the other hand, VEGF-A may increase the survival of d-NSCs (red box). VEGF-A also decreases the potential of p-NSC to make non-neural cell types (Brachyury+ cells) (green box). (B) In Flk1-deficient cells or mice, p-NSC survival is increased and d-NSC survival is decreased. Flk1-/- p-NSCs also have a greater potential for making non-neural cell types (Brachyury+ cells). Yellow circle show NF-κB as a downstream effector of both the increased and decreased survival effects of VEGF signaling.