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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 1, 1289-1303, Copyright © 1981 by Society for Neuroscience
Immunocytochemical localization of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide- containing cells and processes in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rat: light and electron microscopic analysis
JP Card, N Brecha, HJ Karten and RY Moore
The distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-like (VIP)
immunoreactivity in neurons and processes within the suprachiasmatic nuclei
(SCN) of the rat was investigated with light and electron microscopic
immunocytochemical techniques. These studies utilized well characterized
antisera directed to synthetic vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.
Specificity was established by absorption of the antisera with synthetic
vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Neurons and dendrites exhibiting
specific VIP immunoreactivity are concentrated in the ventral half of the
nucleus, with the greatest concentration of immunoreactive perikarya
occurring in the ventral SCN immediately adjacent to and within the optic
chiasm (OC). Thin varicose axons containing VIP immunoreactivity are
present throughout the SCN. A large number of immunoreactive axons leave
the dorsal aspect of the SCN to reach the periventricular hypothalamic
nucleus and continue dorsally to form an extensive plexus along the ventral
border of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus. Other immunoreactive
axons project upon the contralateral SCN via the OC. Ultrastructurally,
VIP- containing neurons in the SCN are characterized by a spherical to
slightly elongated soma and an invaginated nucleus that fills the majority
of the cell body. In the soma, peroxidase reaction product is localized on
the outer membrane of all cellular organelles. The reaction product of
immunoreactive boutons is related primarily to vesicles, and some of these
boutons establish axodendritic synaptic contacts in the SCN. The
demonstration of VIP-containing neurons in the SCN provides further
evidence that this nucleus is composed of a heterogeneous population of
neurons which form distinct subfields within it.
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