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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 10, 3286-3294, Copyright © 1990 by Society for Neuroscience
Selective short- and long-term effects of serotonin, small cardioactive peptide, and tetanic stimulation on sensorimotor synapses of Aplysia in culture
S Schacher, P Montarolo and ER Kandel
Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
Synapses between the sensory and motor cells of Aplysia can be enhanced by
heterosynaptic or homosynaptic stimulation. We have used the isolated
sensorimotor synapse of Aplysia in cell culture to explore short- and
long-term heterosynaptic facilitation produced by 2 facilitatory
transmitters and compared these to homosynaptic facilitation produced by
posttetanic potentiation. We found that brief application of 5-HT or small
cardioactive peptide (SCP) evokes comparable short-lasting enhancement of
nondepressed sensorimotor synapses. The effect evoked by SCP diverges from
that of 5-HT when the sensorimotor synapse is first depressed by
low-frequency homosynaptic stimulation. Whereas 5-HT facilitates
sensorimotor synapses whether or not they are depressed, SCP has little or
no effect on synapses that have been depressed by more than 75%. The 2
transmitters also differ in producing long-term facilitation. Whereas
repeated applications of 5-HT evoke long-term facilitation of the synapses,
SCP applications do not. To determine whether these failures to facilitate
could be overcome by increasing levels of cAMP, we applied SCP in the
presence of phosphodiesterase inhibitors, which resulted in SCP evoking
both short- and long-term changes comparable to that of 5-HT. Homosynaptic
facilitation by post-tetanic potentiation differed from heterosynaptic
facilitation in that tetanic stimulation failed to evoke long-lasting
changes in the synapse. These results support recent findings that 5-HT is
a critical neuromodulator in behavioral sensitization and dishabituation
and suggest that critical levels of cAMP may be required for long- and
short-term facilitation of depressed synapses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
WORDS)
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