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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 10, 1570-1582, Copyright © 1990 by Society for Neuroscience
Efferent vestibular system in the toadfish: action upon horizontal semicircular canal afferents
R Boyle and SM Highstein
Department of Otolaryngology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201.
The influence of the efferent vestibular system (EVS) upon the background
discharge and response dynamics of horizontal semicircular canal afferents
was examined in the toadfish. In one set of experiments the EVS was
activated using a behavioral paradigm; in the second, electrical shocks
were applied to the efferent vestibular nucleus in the brain stem. The
afferent's background discharge and responses to rotation were recorded
before and during efferent stimulation. Both EVS activation paradigms gave
qualitatively similar results: a facilitation of the afferent's rate, while
the animal was at rest or in motion, and a reduction in response
sensitivity. Afferents were not affected uniformly: low-gain,
velocity-sensitive afferents were weakly influenced, while high-gain and
acceleration afferents having low rates were the most excited. The
afferents' phase of response was unmodified by electrical EVS stimulation.
In many afferents a prominent form of response nonlinearity is discharge
silencing over large portions of the stimulus cycle. Efferent-evoked rate
increase was often sufficient to produce a full-cycle bidirectional
response. Caloric facilitation of afferent rate confirmed that the
EVS-induced sensitivity decrease was rate independent. These results show a
dual action of the efferent system: (1) facilitating the afferent's rate
and (2) reducing its sensitivity to adequate stimulation that may be
correlated with the dual EVS synaptic innervation of the labyrinth, namely
postsynaptic efferent-afferent synapses and presynaptic efferent-hair cell
synapses.
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