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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 10, 2717-2726, Copyright © 1990 by Society for Neuroscience
Dynamic alterations in the cutaneous mechanoreceptive fields of dorsal horn neurons in the rat spinal cord
CJ Woolf and AE King
Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, England.
The effect of the application to the skin of the chemical irritant mustard
oil on the size and responsiveness of the cutaneous mechanoreceptive fields
of 32 lumbar dorsal horn neurons has been examined in the adult
decerebrate, spinal rat. Mustard oil placed on a small region of skin
outside the mechanoreceptive firing zone produced a brief (185 +/- 35 sec,
SEM) discharge of action potentials in 17 neurons and, in 23 cells, a
prolonged increase of the response to a standard low- or high-intensity
mechanical stimulus applied to the firing zone of the receptive field. This
increase was shown, in 6 intracellularly recorded cells, to be due to a
significantly increased depolarization in response to the stimuli. An
expansion of the mechanoreceptive firing zones that peaked at 26 +/- 3.7
min was seen in 21 cells. While 6 of 8 nociceptive-specific neurons and 11
of 18 multireceptive neurons showed such an expansion, it did not occur in
the 6 cells with low-threshold-only receptive fields. The expansion of the
firing zones in 4 intracellularly recorded cells was found to be due to an
increased amplitude of the EPSPs evoked by stimuli applied to what had
initially been low probability firing fringes (Woolf and King, 1989)
outside the firing zones, so that subthreshold responses became
suprathreshold after application of the mustard oil. In 4 of 8
nociceptive-specific cells, the mechanical threshold in the firing zone
became reduced to innocuous levels after application of the mustard oil.
The demonstration of the capacity of a relatively brief afferent barrage of
chemosensitive nociceptors to produce an increase in the spatial extent of
the cutaneous receptive fields of dorsal horn neurons, amplify their
responsiveness, and reduce their thresholds has implications both for the
pathogenesis of postinjury pain hypersensitivity phenomena and for
receptive field plasticity in the somatosensory system.
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