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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 12, 3054-3070, Copyright © 1992 by Society for Neuroscience
Formation of specific afferent connections in organotypic slice cultures from rat visual cortex cocultured with lateral geniculate nucleus
J Bolz, N Novak and V Staiger
Friedrich-Miescher-Labor, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Tubingen, Germany.
The development of the cerebral cortex involves the specification of
intrinsic circuitry and extrinsic connections, the pattern of inputs and
outputs. To investigate the development of a major afferent input to the
cortex, we studied the formation of thalamocortical connections in an
organotypic culture system. Slices from the lateral thalamus of young rats
were cocultured with slices from the visual cortex. Thalamocortical
projections in vitro were examined anatomically with fluorescent dyes and
physiologically with electrophysiological and optical recording techniques.
Axons emerged from thalamic explants radially in all directions. The
outgrowth of thalamic fibers and the course of the axonal trajectories were
not influenced by the presence of the cocultured cortex. Only those
thalamic axons that happened to grow toward the cortical slices invaded
their target tissue. Thalamocortical projection cell in vitro had the
characteristic morphology of thalamic relay neurons. Cells with the
morphology of interneurons were present in thalamic explants, but these
neurons did not project to the cocultured cortex. Thalamocortical axons in
vitro terminated in their appropriate cortical target layer, formed axonal
arbors, and made functional synaptic contacts. Such specific connections
between thalamic neurons and their cortical target cells were established
regardless of whether thalamocortical axons invaded the cortex from the
white matter side or from the pial surface. These results suggest that
thalamic projection neurons have an innate mechanism that allows them to
recognize their cortical target cells. Thus, intrinsic factors play a
significant role in the laminar specification of cortical connections
during development.
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