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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 13, 4924-4935, Copyright © 1993 by Society for Neuroscience
Identification and characterization of Drosophila genes for synaptic vesicle proteins
A DiAntonio, RW Burgess, AC Chin, DL Deitcher, RH Scheller and TL Schwarz
Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University Medical Center, California 94305-5426.
Proteins associated with synaptic vesicles are likely to control the
release of neurotransmitter. Because synaptic transmission is fundamentally
similar between vertebrates and invertebrates, vesicle proteins from
vertebrates that are important for synaptic transmission should be present
in Drosophila as well. This investigation describes Drosophila homologs of
vamp, synaptotagmin, and rab3 that are expressed in a pattern consistent
with a function in Drosophila neurotransmission. One previously reported
candidate (syb), a Drosophila homolog of the vamp or synaptobrevin
proteins, has been shown to be expressed at very low levels in neurons and
is most abundant in the gut. A neuronal Drosophila vamp (n-syb) is
described here and is localized to chromosome band 62A. Northern analysis
and in situ hybridizations to mRNA indicate that the novel vamp, as well as
the genes for synaptotagmin (syt) and rab3 (drab3), is expressed in the
Drosophila nervous system. These genes are widely (perhaps ubiquitously)
expressed in the nervous system and we have no evidence of additional
neuronal isoforms of synaptotagmin, vamp, or rab3. Immunoreactivity for
synaptotagmin and vamp is located in synaptic regions of the nervous
system. This distribution suggests that these molecules are components of
synaptic vesicles in Drosophila. The conserved structure and neuronal
expression pattern of these genes indicate that they may function in
processes that are required for both vertebrate and invertebrate synaptic
transmission. Because of their distribution in the nervous system and
because n-syb, synaptotagmin, and drab3 do not appear to be in a family of
functionally redundant homologs, we predict that mutation of these genes
will have a profound neurological phenotype and that they are therefore
good candidates for a genetic dissection in Drosophila.
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