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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 13, 3394-3405, Copyright © 1993 by Society for Neuroscience
Cultured hippocampal neurons show responses to BDNF, NT-3, and NT-4, but not NGF
NY Ip, Y Li, GD Yancopoulos and RM Lindsay
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York 10591.
To investigate the possibility of neurotrophins acting directly on
hippocampal neurons, we first examined expression of the trk receptors in
sections of adult rat brain and in cultures of embryonic rat hippocampus,
and then investigated general and specific responses of cultured
hippocampal neurons to each of the neurotrophins. In situ hybridization
studies indicated high levels of expression of trkB and trkC but not trkA
in pyramidal cells, dentate granule neurons, and scattered interneurons.
Cultures of embryonic day 18 (E18) hippocampal neurons were also found by
Northern analysis to express trkB and trkC but not trkA, indicating
potential responsiveness to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF),
neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and NT-4, but not NGF. Phosphorylation experiments
indeed showed that BDNF, NT-3, and NT- 4 produced rapid tyrosine
phosphorylation of Trk proteins, as detected by immunoprecipitation using a
pan-Trk-specific antibody, whereas NGF produced no detectable tyrosine
phosphorylation in hippocampal cultures. Similarly, all of the
neurotrophins, except NGF, induced expression of c-fos mRNA and c-fos
protein in these cultures. c-Fos protein induction was detectable in
approximately 40-50% of the cells. While we observed no major effect of any
of the neurotrophins upon the survival of E18 hippocampal neurons, BDNF,
NT-3, and NT-4, but not NGF, produced marked increases in the number of
neurons expressing detectable levels of either calbindin or AChE. NT-3
produced the greatest increase in the number of calbindin-positive neurons,
whereas BDNF and NT-4 produced the greater increase in the number of AChE-
positive neurons. Our results suggest that several of the neurotrophins
have important effects in the differentiation and maintenance of function
of subpopulations of hippocampal neurons.
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