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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 14, 5807-5817, Copyright © 1994 by Society for Neuroscience
Intracellular sorting of neuromodulin (GAP-43) mutants modified in the membrane targeting domain
Y Liu, DA Fisher and DR Storm
Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195.
Neuromodulin (GAP-43) is a neurospecific calmodulin binding protein that is
targeted to neuronal growth cones via fast axonal transport by an undefined
mechanism. The protein is associated with membranes by palmitoylation of
cys-3 and cys-4. The objective of this study was to examine the
intracellular localization of neuromodulin and neuromodulin mutants
modified in the membrane targeting domain of the protein in neurons and
non-neuronal cells. The N-terminal palmitoylation domain of neuromodulin
was found to be sufficient for membrane and Golgi targeting as well as
neurite transport. A fusion protein consisting of the N-terminal 20 amino
acids of neuromodulin and beta-galactosidase accumulated in neurite endings
demonstrating that this sequence is sufficient for targeting to growth cone
membranes. Mutations in the palmitoylation domain of neuromodulin that
abolished its acylation and membrane association diminished its Golgi
localization. Mutations that prevented Golgi accumulation of
neuromodulin-beta-galactosidase fusion proteins also interfered with
neurite transport of the fusion proteins. These data demonstrate a
correlation between membrane targeting, Golgi localization, and neurite
transport of neuromodulin.
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