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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 14, 2775-2788, Copyright © 1994 by Society for Neuroscience
Coactivation of prefrontal cortex and inferior parietal cortex in working memory tasks revealed by 2DG functional mapping in the rhesus monkey
HR Friedman and PS Goldman-Rakic
Section of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
Functional studies of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the inferior
parietal lobe of the rhesus monkey have implicated the former in spatial
mnemonic function and the latter in visuospatial processing. We used the
14C-2-deoxyglucose (2DG) method to assess the contribution of these
cortical regions to the cognitive performance of monkeys on working memory
tasks. In these experiments, one group of monkeys (WORK) was trained to
perform tasks (delayed spatial alternation, spatial delayed response, or
delayed object alternation) that specifically engaged working memory
processing. Local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) rates in the WORK
group was compared with LCGU rates for a second group of monkeys (CONT)
tested on one of two tasks (visual pattern discrimination or sensory-motor)
that relied upon associative memory. The results showed that in comparison
to the CONT group, working memory performance significantly enhanced LCGU
by 19% in the principal sulcus region of prefrontal cortex and by 11-20% in
regions of the inferior parietal cortex corresponding to areas 7A, 7B, 7IP,
and 7M. By contrast, LCGU in the auditory cortex was similar for both
groups. In all areas examined, metabolic activation peaked in lower layer
III where the majority of associational and callosal neurons lie.
Correlation analyses of LCGU and behavioral task parameters indicated that
LCGU in the parietal subdivisions was significantly related either to the
accuracy of performance or to the number of trials completed on the 2DG
test. In contrast, LCGU in the principal sulcus was positively correlated
with task difficulty. These findings suggest that the enhancement of LCGU
in the principal sulcus was primarily influenced by the mnemonic components
of the tasks whereas LCGU in the inferior parietal cortex was influenced by
their sensory-motor demands. These are the first results showing concurrent
metabolic activation of the prefrontal and parietal cortex in monkeys
performing working memory tasks and they support the suggestion that these
cortical regions represent two important nodes in a neural network
mediating spatial working memory in the monkey (Goldman-Rakic, 1988).
Further, the present report reinforces the power of the 2DG method for
functional mapping as these areal and laminar results could not be readily
appreciated at this resolution in any other methodological context.
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Compound via MeSH
