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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 8067-8082, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Laminin alpha 2 chain (M chain) is found within the pathway of avian and murine retinal projections
N Morissette and S Carbonetto
Centre for Research in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Laminin-1 is found at the end-feet of neuroepithelial cells along the outer
margin of the optic pathway during early stages of development. Prior to
the establishment of most retinal projections in vivo, laminin- 1
expression becomes restricted to basement membranes associated with the eye
and optic pathway. We report that, in contrast to the alpha 1, beta 1, and
gamma 1 chains of laminin-1, laminin alpha 2 chain (formerly laminin M
chain) is expressed within the pathway of avian and murine retinal ganglion
cell (RGC) growth cones as they extend into the optic nerve, across the
optic chiasm and into the brain. Expression of laminin alpha 2 chain is
reduced soon after formation of the visual projections but nevertheless
maintained at non-basal lamina sites within the adult optic nerve. Laminin
alpha 2 chain, in contrast to laminin-1 chains, is also highly expressed in
the developing avian tectobulbar pathway. Chick optic nerve derived type-1
astrocytes in culture express laminin alpha 2 chains as extracellular
fibrils on their surface. Laminin alpha 2 chain was also detected on the
surface of cultured embryonic retinal neurons and developing RGCs. These
results suggest that astrocytes and/or RGCS may synthesize laminin alpha 2
chain along the developing optic pathway, and imply that laminin alpha2--in
a complex with non-beta1 and non-gamma1 laminin chains-may serve as an
adhesive substrate and possibly as a guidance cue for elongating RGC growth
cones in vivo.
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