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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 1215-1235, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
delta-Opioid receptor immunoreactivity: distribution in brainstem and spinal cord, and relationship to biogenic amines and enkephalin
U Arvidsson, RJ Dado, M Riedl, JH Lee, PY Law, HH Loh, R Elde and MW Wessendorf
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroanatomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
We have recently developed antisera which recognize epitopes of the cloned
delta-opioid receptor (DOR; Dado et al., 1993). In the present report we
have further characterized these antisera, and raised additional antisera
in rats. We used these antisera to determine the distribution of DOR-like
immunoreactivity (-Ll) in rat spinal cord and brainstem in relation to
serotoninergic, noradrenergic, and enkephalinergic neurons. We found DOR-Ll
in fibers and varicosities distributed throughout the spinal cord gray
matter, with highest densities in the superficial dorsal horn, in autonomic
regions, around the central canal as well as in the ventral horn motor
nuclei. In the brainstem a dense innervation of DOR-immunoreactive (-IR)
fibers was found in several nuclei such as spinal trigeminal nuclei,
midline raphe nuclei, parabrachial nuclei, periaqueductal gray matter
(PAG), interpeduncular nucleus, ans substantia nigra. A group of
DOR-positive cells was seen in the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus. In
addition, a few DOR-IR cell bodies were demonstrated in the parabrachial
nuclei, interpeduncular nucleus, PAG, and superior and inferior colliculi
as well as around the central canal in the spinal cord. All DOR-positive
cells showed a punctuate staining pattern within the cytoplasm of the cell
body and in primary dendrites. No plasma membrane staining of cells or
dendrites could be demonstrated using the DOR antisera. Double- labeling
experiments for DOR and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT, serotonin) revealed that
some 5HT-IR neurons in the raphe complex were surrounded by DOR-IR fibers.
In the spinal cord a high degree of coexistence was found between DOR and
5HT in nerve fibers and varicosities in the neuropil around the motoneurons
and in lamina V of the dorsal horn. In autonomic regions of the spinal
cord, a low degree of colocalization was seen between DOR and 5HT; in the
superficial dorsal horn no coexistence was found. Tyrosine hydroxylase
(TH)-positive neurons in the brainstem (in the A5 area, locus coeruleus,
and A7 area) were apposed by DOR-positive fibers. However, no coexistence
could be seen between DOR and TH in any part of the spinal cord. A close
relation, but no coexistence, was observed between DOR- and enkephalin
(ENK)-IR fibers in the spinal cord ventral horn; in the intermediolateral
nucleus a low degree of colocalization was observed. Thus, a delta- opioid
receptor may affect the activity of descending serotoninergic and
noradrenergic neurons by means of modulating the release of
neurotransmitters from afferents to these neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
400 WORDS)
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