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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 16, 325-332, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Neuroscience
The effect of efferent stimulation on basilar membrane displacement in the basal turn of the guinea pig cochlea
E Murugasu and IJ Russell
School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, United Kingdom.
Tone-evoked basilar membrane (BM) displacements were measured with a laser
diode interferometer from the basal turn of the guinea pig cochlea. The
olivocochlear bundle (OCB) was electrically stimulated for 60--80 msec
periods at rates of < 200 sec-1 via electrodes placed at the point at
which the OCB crosses the floor of the fourth ventricle. For tones close to
the best or characteristic frequency (CF), OCB stimulation tended to
linearize the highly compressive displacement- level functions and to
displace the steep, low-level region toward higher intensities along the
intensity axis by < 27 dB sound pressure levels. This shift resulted in
a desensitization of the tip of the BM displacement tuning curve that was
associated sometimes with downward shifts in the tuning curve CF of <
500 Hz. OCB-induced suppression of the BM response was not associated with
a consistent broadening of the tuning curve or with major changes in the
phase of the BM response. At frequencies in the low-frequency tail of the
tuning curve, OCB stimulation had no observable effect on the motion of the
BM. The effect of OCB stimulation on the BM response was blocked by
perfusing the scala tympani with 1 microM strychnine. Thus, the effect of
OCB stimulation on the frequency tuning of the BM is very similar to the
effect of OCB stimulation on the sensitivity and frequency tuning of
afferent fibers and inner hair cells. The results indicate that the
postsynaptic action of the OCB may cause a change in gain of the
voltage-dependent outer hair cell motility without observable changes in
the stiffness of the cochlear partition or the position of the BM.
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