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Volume 16, Number 13, Issue of July 1, 1996 pp. 4195-4206
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience

Dual Action of a Carbohydrate Epitope on Afferent and Efferent Axons in Cortical Development

Received Nov. 10, 1995; revised April 8, 1996; accepted April 12, 1996.

Sigrid Henke-Fahle¹, Fanny Mann², Magdalena Götz³, Karen Wild³, and Jürgen Bolz^{2, 3}

¹ Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, ² Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 371 Cerveau et Vision, Bron, France, and ³ Friedrich-Miescher-Labor der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Tübingen, Germany

During development of the mammalian cerebral cortex, ingrowing afferents from the thalamus take a path that is different from that of axons leaving the cortical plate. Thalamic axons arrive at the cortex at the time before their target cells of layer 4 are generated in the ventricular zone, but they invade the cortex only shortly before these cells have migrated to their final position in the cortex. Growth-promoting molecules are upregulated in the developing cortical plate during this period. To identify such molecules, we have generated monoclonal antibodies against membrane preparations from rat postnatal cortex. In Western blots, one antibody (mAb 10) recognized a carbohydrate epitope of a glycoprotein with an apparent molecular weight extending from 180 to 370 kDa. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the staining pattern of mAb 10 at embryonic stages delineates the pathway of thalamocortical axons, with only very faint labeling of the corticofugal pathway. In vitro assays in combination with time-lapse imaging indicated that mAb 10 has opposite effects on the growth of thalamic and cortical axons. The growth speed and axonal elongation of thalamic fibers on postnatal cortical membranes preincubated with mAb 10 was reduced compared with untreated cortical membranes. In contrast, cortical axons grew faster and stopped their growth less frequently after addition of mAb 10 to a cortical membrane substrate. Taken together, these results suggest that a carbohydrate moiety of a membrane-associated glycoprotein plays a role in the segregation of afferent and efferent cortical axons in the white matter. Moreover, the epitope recognized by mAb 10 might also contribute to regulation of the timing of the thalamocortical innervation at later developmental stages.

Key words: cortical development; thalamocortical connections; segregation of afferent and efferent cortical projections; axonal growth rate; extracellular matrix; carbohydrate epitope; monoclonal antibodies; time-lapse imaging

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