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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 16, 993-1007, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Neuroscience
In vitro analysis of optimal stimuli for phase-locking and time-delayed modulation of firing in avian nucleus laminaris neurons
AD Reyes, EW Rubel and WJ Spain
Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195, USA.
Neurons of the avian nucleus laminaris (NL) provide a neural substrate for
azimuthal sound localization. We examined the optimal stimuli for NL
neurons to maintain high discharge rates, reliable phase-locking, and
sensitivity to time-delayed stimuli. Whole-cell recordings were performed
in chick [embryonic days 19-21 (E19-E21)] NL neurons using an in vitro
slice preparation. Variation of membrane properties along the tonotopic
axis was examined. Computer-controlled intracellular current injection was
used to mimic postsynaptic currents or conductances (PSCs) generated in NL
neurons by the firing of nucleus magnocellularis (NM) neurons during
acoustic stimulation. At various stimulus frequencies, the effects of
varying the number of NM cells and PSC amplitudes on firing rate and
phase-locking were examined. During high- frequency stimulation, the
greatest firing rate and phase-locking occurred when the protocol contained
few NM cells that generated large PSCs. Because the stimulus-evoked unitary
PSCs are small, we propose that NM cells fire in synchrony to generate
large PSCs. To mimic the arrival of PSCs during binaural stimulation, two
stimulus trains were summed at different delays before injection. The
firing rate of NL neurons was greatest with zero delay. A delay of half the
stimulus period evoked firing that was less than that evoked with a single
train. Neurons lacking strong outward rectification exhibited neither
reliable phase-locking during high-frequency stimulation nor sensitivity to
stimulus delays. These findings suggest that the firing responses of NL
neurons are determined primarily by their membrane properties.
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