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Volume 17, Number 10,
Issue of May 15, 1997
pp. 3588-3598
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Aberrant Expression of Mitotic Cdc2/Cyclin B1 Kinase in
Degenerating Neurons of Alzheimer's Disease Brain
Received Dec. 19, 1996; revised March 4, 1997; accepted March 5, 1997.
Inez Vincent,
Gregory Jicha,
Michelle Rosado, and
Dennis W. Dickson
Departments of Pathology and Neurology, Albert Einstein College of
Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
We have shown previously that M-phase phospho-epitopes accumulate
in neuronal tau proteins incorporated into the hallmark neurofibrillary
tangles (NFT) of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In M phase, the epitopes
are produced by cdc2/cyclin B1 kinase by a highly conserved mechanism
believed to be quiescent in terminally differentiated neurons of adult
brain. To determine whether an M-phase mechanism is possible in AD
neurons, we first investigated the presence of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in
AD. Both proteins were enriched in neurons with NFT and in neurons
susceptible to NFT. An antibody specific for catalytically active cdc2
stained numerous NFT-containing neurons in AD but did not react with
normal neurons. Double-labeling studies showed that active cdc2 and
cyclin B1 coexist in AD neurons and co-localize with AD-specific
mitotic phospho-epitopes. Mitotic kinase purified from AD and normal
brain, using the yeast p13suc1 protein as affinity ligand, showed
higher histone H1 phosphorylation activity in AD. Accordingly, the
levels of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in p13suc1 fractions from AD were higher
than normal. Consistent with a physiological relationship between NFT
and mitotic kinase, NFT proteins co-purified with and became
phosphorylated by the p13suc1-bound kinase in vitro.
Furthermore, cdc2/cyclin B1 is the only one of several proline-directed
kinases that created the TG/MC mitotic phospho-epitopes in recombinant
tau in vitro. These findings suggest that aberrantly
reexpressed cdc2/cyclin B1 in NFT-bearing neurons in AD brain
contributes to the generation of M-phase phospho-epitopes in NFT.
Key words:
cdc2;
cyclin B;
p13suc1;
neuronal degeneration;
Alzheimer's disease;
neurofibrillary tangle
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