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Volume 17, Number 16,
Issue of August 15, 1997
pp. 6256-6263
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Rac1 Mediates Collapsin-1-Induced Growth Cone Collapse
Received March 18, 1997; revised May 14, 1997; accepted May 23, 1997.
Zhao Jin and
Stephen M. Strittmatter
Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Yale University School
of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
Collapsin-1 or semaphorin III(D) inhibits axonal outgrowth by
collapsing the lamellipodial and filopodial structures of the neuronal
growth cones. Because growth cone collapse is associated with actin
depolymerization, we considered whether small GTP-binding proteins of
the rho subfamily might participate in collapsin-1 signal transduction.
Recombinant rho, rac1, and cdc42 proteins were triturated into
embryonic chick (DRG) neurons. Constitutively active rac1 increases the
proportion of collapsed growth cones, and dominant negative rac1
inhibits collapsin-1-induced collapse of growth cones and collapsin-1
inhibition of neurite outgrowth. DRG neurons treated with dominant
negative rac1 remain sensitive to myelin-induced growth cone collapse.
Similar mutants of cdc42 do not alter growth cone structure, neurite
elongation, or collapsin-1 sensitivity. Whereas the addition of
activated rho has no effect, the inhibition of rho with
Clostridium botulinum C3 transferase stimulates the
outgrowth of DRG neurites. C3 transferase-treated growth cones exhibit
little or no lamellipodial spreading and are minimally responsive to
collapsin-1 and myelin. These data demonstrate a prominent role for rho
and rac1 in modulating growth cone motility and indicate that rac1 may
mediate collapsin-1 action.
Key words:
collapsin-1;
semaphorin;
rac1;
rho;
growth cone collapse;
neurite outgrowth;
dorsal root ganglion neuron
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