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Volume 17, Number 18,
Issue of September 15, 1997
pp. 7025-7036
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Morphogenesis of the Node of Ranvier: Co-Clusters of Ankyrin
and Ankyrin-Binding Integral Proteins Define Early Developmental
Intermediates
Received March 20, 1997; revised May 29, 1997; accepted July 9, 1997.
Stephen Lambert,
Jonathan Q. Davis , and
Vann Bennett
Department of Cell Biology and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
AnkyrinG 480/270 kDa and three ankyrin-binding integral
membrane proteins (neurofascin, NrCAM, and the voltage-dependent sodium channel) colocalize within a specialized domain of the spectrin-actin network found at axonal segments of nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons. Before myelination in embryonic nerves, ankyrinG
480/270 kDa and the related ankyrin isoform ankyrinB 440 kDa are co-expressed along with NrCAM in an abundant, continuous
distribution along the length of axons. This study has resolved
intermediate stages in the developmental transition from a continuous
distribution of ankyrinG 480/270 kDa in all axons to a
highly polarized localization at the node of Ranvier in the developing
rat sciatic nerve. The first detected event is formation of clusters
containing the cell adhesion molecules neurofascin and NrCAM at sites
independent of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG)-staining Schwann
cell processes. Subsequent steps involve recruitment of
ankyrinG 480/270 kDa and the voltage-dependent sodium
channel to cluster sites containing cell adhesion molecules, and
elaboration of MAG-staining Schwann cell processes adjacent to these
cluster sites. Formation of the mature node of Ranvier results from the
fusion of asynchronously formed pairs of clusters associated with
MAG-positive Schwann cells flanking the site of presumed node
formation. Studies with the hypomyelinating mutant mouse
trembler demonstrate that the elaboration of compact
myelin is not required for the formation of these clustered nodal
intermediates. Clustering of neurofascin and NrCAM precedes
redistribution of ankyrinG 480/270 kDa and the
voltage-dependent sodium channel, suggesting that the adhesion molecules define the initial site for subsequent assembly of ankyrin and the voltage-dependent sodium channel.
Key words:
node of Ranvier;
cell adhesion molecules;
ankyrin;
voltage-dependent sodium channel;
myelination;
trembler
mutant
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