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Volume 17, Number 2,
Issue of January 15, 1997
pp. 697-708
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Neuronal Adaptations to Changes in the Social Dominance Status of
Crayfish
Received June 13, 1996; revised Sept. 10, 1996; accepted Sept. 12, 1996.
Shih-Rung Yeh,
Barbara E. Musolf, and
Donald H. Edwards
Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
30302-4010
The effect of superfused serotonin (5-HT; 50 µM) on
the synaptic responses of the lateral giant (LG) interneuron in
crayfish was found to depend on the social status of the animal. In
socially isolated animals, 5-HT persistently increased the response of LG to sensory nerve shock. After social isolates were paired in a small
cage, they fought and determined their dominant and subordinate status.
After 12 d of pairing, 5-HT reversibly inhibited the response of
LG in the social subordinate and reversibly increased the response of
LG in the social dominant crayfish. The effect of 5-HT changed approximately linearly from response enhancement to inhibition in the
new subordinate over the 12 d of pairing. If, after 12 d
pairing, the subordinate was reisolated for 8 d, the response enhancement was restored. If the subordinate, instead, was paired with
another subordinate and became dominant in this new pair, the
inhibitory effect of 5-HT changed to an enhancing effect over the next
12 d of pairing. If, however, two dominant crayfish were paired
and one became subordinate, the enhancing effect of 5-HT persisted in
the new subordinate even after 38 d pairing. These different
effects of serotonin result from the action of two or more molecular
receptors for serotonin. A vertebrate 5-HT1 agonist had no
effect on social isolates but reversibly inhibited the response of LG
in both dominant and subordinate crayfish. The inhibitory effects of
the agonist developed approximately linearly over the first 12 d
of pairing. A vertebrate 5-HT2 agonist persistently increased the response of LG in isolate crayfish and reversibly increased the response of the cell in dominant and subordinate crayfish. Finally, although neurons that might mediate these effects of
superfused 5-HT are unknown, one pair of 5-HT-immunoreactive neurons
appears to contact the LG axon and initial axon segment in each
abdominal ganglion in its projection caudally from the thorax.
Key words:
serotonin;
5-HT receptors;
agonistic behavior;
escape;
lateral giant interneuron;
social dominance
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