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Volume 17, Number 20, Issue of October 15, 1997 pp. 7831-7838
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience

Mosaics of Islet-1-Expressing Amacrine Cells Assembled by Short-Range Cellular Interactions

Received June 9, 1997; revised August 1, 1997; accepted August 6, 1997.

Lucia Galli-Resta1, Giovanni Resta2, Seong-Seng Tan3, and Benjamin E. Reese4

1 Istituto di Neurofisiologia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 56127 Pisa, Italy, 2 Istituto di Matematica Computazionale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 56127 Pisa, Italy, 3 Howard Florey Institute of Experimental Physiology and Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia, and 4 Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Psychology, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5060

The nervous system has a modular architecture with neurons of the same type commonly organized in nonrandom arrays or mosaics. Modularity is essential to parallel processing of sensory information and has provided a key element for brain evolution, but we still know very little of the way neuronal mosaics form during development. Here we have identified the immature elements of two retinal mosaics, the choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) amacrine cells, by their early expression of the homeodomain protein Islet-1, and we show that spatial ordering is an intrinsic property of the two Islet-1 mosaics, dynamically maintained while new elements are inserted into the mosaics. Migrating Islet-1 cells do not show this spatial ordering, indicating that they must move tangentially as they enter the mosaic, under the action of local mechanisms. Clonal territory analysis in X-inactivation transgenic mice confirms the lateral displacement of ChAT amacrine cells away from their clonal columns of origin, and mathematical models show how short-range cellular interactions can guide the assemblage of these mosaics via a simple biological rule.

Key words: retina; LIM proteins; Islet-1; X-inactivation transgenic mouse; ChAT amacrine; tangential migration; Voronoi domains




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