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Volume 17, Number 21,
Issue of November 1, 1997
pp. 8259-8269
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
OSM-9, A Novel Protein with Structural Similarity to Channels, Is
Required for Olfaction, Mechanosensation, and Olfactory Adaptation in
Caenorhabditis elegans
Received June 27, 1997; accepted Aug. 19, 1997.
Heather A. Colbert,
Tracy L. Smith, and
Cornelia I. Bargmann
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Programs in Developmental Biology,
Neuroscience, and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, The University of
California, San Francisco, California 94143-0452
Although cyclic nucleotide-gated channels mediate sensory
transduction in olfaction and vision, other forms of sensory
transduction are independent of these channels. Caenorhabditis
elegans cyclic nucleotide-gated channel mutants respond
normally to some olfactory stimuli and to osmotic stimuli, suggesting
that these chemosensory responses use an alternative sensory
transduction pathway. One gene that may act in this pathway is
osm-9, which is required for each of these responses as
well as a mechanosensory response to nose touch. osm-9
encodes a protein with ankyrin repeats and multiple predicted
transmembrane domains that has limited similarity to the
Drosophila phototransduction channels transient receptor potential (TRP) and TRP-like (TRPL). The sequence of OSM-9 and other
TRP-like genes reveals a previously unsuspected diversity of mammalian
and invertebrate genes in this family. osm-9 is required for the activity of the predicted G-protein-coupled odorant receptor ODR-10, which acts in the AWA olfactory neurons; its similarity to
other G-protein-regulated transduction channels suggests that OSM-9 is
involved in AWA signaling. osm-9:: GFP fusion
genes are expressed in a subset of chemosensory, mechanosensory, and
osmosensory neurons. osm-9 also affects olfactory
adaptation within neurons that require the cyclic nucleotide-gated
channel for olfaction; in these neurons, the gene has a regulatory
function and not a primary role in sensory transduction.
Key words:
olfaction;
C. elegans;
mechanosensation;
sensory transduction;
signaling pathways;
olfactory adaptation;
TRP
channels
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