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Volume 17, Number 21,
Issue of November 1, 1997
pp. 8443-8450
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein in the Amygdala Is Required
for Long- but not Short-Term Conditioned Taste Aversion Memory
Received March 25, 1997; revised Aug. 12, 1997; accepted Aug. 20, 1997.
Raphael Lamprecht,
Shoshi Hazvi, and
Yadin Dudai
Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science,
Rehovot 76100, Israel
In conditioned taste aversion (CTA) organisms learn to avoid
a taste if the first encounter with that taste is followed by transient
poisoning. The neural mechanisms that subserve this robust and
long-lasting association of taste and malaise have not yet been
elucidated, but several brain areas have been implicated in the
process, including the amygdala. In this study we investigated the role
of amygdala in general, and the cAMP response element-binding protein
(CREB) in the amygdala in particular, in CTA learning and memory.
Toward that end, we combined antisense technology in
vivo with behavioral, molecular, and histochemical
analysis. Local microinjection of phosphorothioate-modified
oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) antisense to CREB into the rat amygdala
several hours before CTA training transiently reduced the level of CREB
protein during training and impaired CTA memory when tested 3-5 d
later. In comparison, sense ODNs had no effect on memory. The effect of
antisense was not attributable to differential tissue damage and was
site-specific. CREB antisense in the amygdala had no effect on
retrieval of CTA memory once it had been formed, and did not affect
short-term CTA memory. We propose that the amygdala, specifically the
central nucleus, is required for the establishment of long-term CTA
memory in the behaving rat; that the process involves long-term
changes, subserved by CRE-regulated gene expression, in amygdala
neurons; and that the amygdala may retain some CTA-relevant information over time rather than merely modulating the gustatory trace during acquisition of CTA.
Key words:
conditioned taste aversion;
amygdala;
CREB;
learning;
short-term memory;
long-term memory
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