 |
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
Previous Article | Next Article
Volume 17, Number 3, Issue of February 1, 1997 pp. 1055-1063
Copyright ©1997 Society for NeuroscienceRole of NMDA and Non-NMDA Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in Traumatic Spinal Cord Axonal Injury
Received Oct. 11, 1996; revised Oct. 30, 1996; accepted Nov. 6, 1996.
Sandeep K. Agrawal and Michael G. Fehlings Spinal Cord Injury Neurophysiology Laboratory, Playfair Neuroscience Unit, Toronto Hospital Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 2S8
We examined the role of glutamatergic mechanisms in acute injury to rat spinal cord white matter. Compound action potentials (CAPs) were recorded from isolated dorsal column segments in vitro. Under control conditions (Ringer's solution), the CAPs decreased to 71.4 ± 2.0% of preinjury values after compression injury with a clip exerting a closing force of 2 g. The combination of the NMDA receptor blocker APV (50 µM) and the AMPA/kainate (KA) receptor blocker CNQX (10 µM) resulted in significantly improved recovery of CAP amplitude postinjury; however, the NMDA receptor antagonist APV alone did not enhance postinjury recovery, and infusion of NMDA (10 µM) did not affect recovery of the CAPs. In contrast, the AMPA/KA receptor blockers NBQX (10 µM) or CNQX (10 µM) significantly enhanced the recovery of CAP amplitude postinjury. The agonists AMPA (100 µM) or KA (100 µM) resulted in significant attenuation of CAP amplitude postinjury. Coapplication of AMPA/KA plus NBQX and CNQX was also associated with improved functional recovery. After incubation with AMPA and KA, Co2+-positive glia were visualized in spinal cord white matter. Similar results were seen after compressive injury but not in control cords. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis demonstrated AMPA (GluR4)- and KA (GluR6/7 and KA2)-positive astrocytes in spinal cord white matter. In summary, non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors seem to be involved in the pathophysiology of traumatic spinal cord injury. The presence of AMPA (GluR4) and KA (GluR6/7 and KA2) receptors on periaxonal astrocytes suggests a role for these cells in glutamatergic white matter injury.
Key words: rat; spinal cord injury; calcium; NMDA; AMPA/kainate; cobalt; immunocytochemistry; axons; glia
This article has been cited by other articles:
A. M. Tan, J.-S. Choi, S. G. Waxman, and B. C. Hains
Dendritic Spine Remodeling After Spinal Cord Injury Alters Neuronal Signal Processing
J Neurophysiol, October 1, 2009; 102(4): 2396 - 2409.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. Baltan
Ischemic Injury to White Matter: An Age-Dependent Process
Neuroscientist, April 1, 2009; 15(2): 126 - 133.
[Abstract] [PDF]
A. R. Ferguson, R. N. Christensen, J. C. Gensel, B. A. Miller, F. Sun, E. C. Beattie, J. C. Bresnahan, and M. S. Beattie
Cell Death after Spinal Cord Injury Is Exacerbated by Rapid TNF{alpha}-Induced Trafficking of GluR2-Lacking AMPARs to the Plasma Membrane
J. Neurosci., October 29, 2008; 28(44): 11391 - 11400.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. Baltan, E. F. Besancon, B. Mbow, Z. Ye, M. A. Hamner, and B. R. Ransom
White Matter Vulnerability to Ischemic Injury Increases with Age Because of Enhanced Excitotoxicity
J. Neurosci., February 6, 2008; 28(6): 1479 - 1489.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. P. Hefferan, K. Kucharova, K. Kinjo, O. Kakinohana, G. Sekerkova, S. Nakamura, T. Fuchigami, Z. Tomori, T. L. Yaksh, N. Kurtz, et al.
Spinal Astrocyte Glutamate Receptor 1 Overexpression after Ischemic Insult Facilitates Behavioral Signs of Spasticity and Rigidity
J. Neurosci., October 17, 2007; 27(42): 11179 - 11191.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. Ouardouz, S. Malek, E. Coderre, and P. K. Stys
Complex interplay between glutamate receptors and intracellular Ca2+ stores during ischaemia in rat spinal cord white matter
J. Physiol., November 15, 2006; 577(1): 191 - 204.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M Kanter, O Coskun, M Kalayc, S Buyukbas, and F Cagavi
Neuroprotective effects of Nigella sativa on experimental spinal cord injury in rats
Human and Experimental Toxicology, March 1, 2006; 25(3): 127 - 133.
[Abstract] [PDF]
K. Wosik, F. Ruffini, G. Almazan, A. Olivier, J. Nalbantoglu, and J. P. Antel
Resistance of human adult oligodendrocytes to AMPA/kainate receptor-mediated glutamate injury
Brain, December 1, 2004; 127(12): 2636 - 2648.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. R. Faulkner, J. E. Herrmann, M. J. Woo, K. E. Tansey, N. B. Doan, and M. V. Sofroniew
Reactive Astrocytes Protect Tissue and Preserve Function after Spinal Cord Injury
J. Neurosci., March 3, 2004; 24(9): 2143 - 2155.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
D. P. Stirling, K. Khodarahmi, J. Liu, L. T. McPhail, C. B. McBride, J. D. Steeves, M. S. Ramer, and W. Tetzlaff
Minocycline Treatment Reduces Delayed Oligodendrocyte Death, Attenuates Axonal Dieback, and Improves Functional Outcome after Spinal Cord Injury
J. Neurosci., March 3, 2004; 24(9): 2182 - 2190.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
E. D. Milligan, C. Twining, M. Chacur, J. Biedenkapp, K. O'Connor, S. Poole, K. Tracey, D. Martin, S. F. Maier, and L. R. Watkins
Spinal Glia and Proinflammatory Cytokines Mediate Mirror-Image Neuropathic Pain in Rats
J. Neurosci., February 1, 2003; 23(3): 1026 - 1040.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
O. Tarabal, J. Caldero, J. Llado, R. W. Oppenheim, and J. E. Esquerda
Long-Lasting Aberrant Tubulovesicular Membrane Inclusions Accumulate in Developing Motoneurons after a Sublethal Excitotoxic Insult: A Possible Model for Neuronal Pathology in Neurodegenerative Disease
J. Neurosci., October 15, 2001; 21(20): 8072 - 8081.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. B. Tekkok and M. P. Goldberg
AMPA/Kainate Receptor Activation Mediates Hypoxic Oligodendrocyte Death and Axonal Injury in Cerebral White Matter
J. Neurosci., June 15, 2001; 21(12): 4237 - 4248.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. Li, Q. Jiang, and P. K. Stys
Important Role of Reverse Na+-Ca2+ Exchange in Spinal Cord White Matter Injury at Physiological Temperature
J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2000; 84(2): 1116 - 1119.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
P. K. Stys and S. Li
Glutamate-Induced White Matter Injury: Excitotoxicity without Synapses
Neuroscientist, August 1, 2000; 6(4): 230 - 233.
[Abstract] [PDF]
S. Li and P. K. Stys
Mechanisms of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor-Mediated Excitotoxicity in Isolated Spinal Cord White Matter
J. Neurosci., February 1, 2000; 20(3): 1190 - 1198.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
I. A. Scarisbrick, P. J. Isackson, and A. J. Windebank
Differential Expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Neurotrophin-3, and Neurotrophin-4/5 in the Adult Rat Spinal Cord: Regulation by the Glutamate Receptor Agonist Kainic Acid
J. Neurosci., September 15, 1999; 19(18): 7757 - 7769.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
L. J. Rosenberg, Y. D. Teng, and J. R. Wrathall
2,3-Dihydroxy-6-Nitro-7-Sulfamoyl-Benzo(f)Quinoxaline Reduces Glial Loss and Acute White Matter Pathology after Experimental Spinal Cord Contusion
J. Neurosci., January 1, 1999; 19(1): 464 - 475.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
I. A. Scarisbrick, M. D. Towner, and P. J. Isackson
Nervous System-Specific Expression of a Novel Serine Protease: Regulation in the Adult Rat Spinal Cord by Excitotoxic Injury
J. Neurosci., November 1, 1997; 17(21): 8156 - 8168.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. Li, G. A. R. Mealing, P. Morley, and P. K. Stys
Novel Injury Mechanism in Anoxia and Trauma of Spinal Cord White Matter: Glutamate Release via Reverse Na+-dependent Glutamate Transport
J. Neurosci., July 15, 1999; 19(14): RC16 - RC16.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|